肉桂人工林土壤速效养分与酶活性的季节变化

研究了广西高峰林场林龄为3年和6年的肉桂人工林土壤速效养分(水解N、速效P、速效K)和土壤酶活性(过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶)的季节变化规律及其相互关系。结果表明：两种林地土壤速效养分含量和土壤酶话性均表现出明显的季节动态．：E壤速效N、P、K含量和L壤脲酶活性均以肉桂生长初期(3月中旬)最高．其次是第一个生长高峰期(6月中旬)或第二个生长高峰期(9月中旬)，最低是生长未期(12月中旬)；而土壤过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性以第一个生长高峰期或第二个生长高峰期最高．其次是生长初期,最低是生长末期；士壤速效养分与土壤酶活性的季节变化密切相关。因此，生长初期至第一个生长高峰期是肉桂林地施用N、P、K肥的适当时期。     

重点国有林区森林资源管理政策变革措施分析

重点国有林区天然林资源保护工程实施5年后,工程区内各级森林资源管理部门仍然沿用既往政策,已不适应新时期林业发展的趋势,更不利于森林资源的保护与利用。文中对尽快实施森林分类经营、规范林权流转、适度采伐人工商品林等森林资源管理政策提出了变革建议与对策。     

Management effects on carbon stocks and fluxes across the Orinoco savannas

Across the physiognomic types of the Orinoco llanos, periodic inventories and changes in land-use between 1982–1992 are estimated. Results indicate that the area under pastures and forest plantations is increased by 0.005337×10⁶ km², whilts reducing the area of croplands by 0.000119×10⁶ km². This is a net increase of 0.005218×10⁶ km². The gross carbon release is 174.66 Tg C per year to the atmosphere and transferring from cultivated and native vegetation to wood products (1.62 Tg C per year) and slash (1.18 Tg C per year). The processes of land preparation contribute 1.40 Tg C per year to the atmosphere. From the tree savannas, woodlands and forests 0.73 Tg C per year are estimated to have been transferred to the soil following clearance and burning over this period, and 1.05 Tg C per year from herbaceous savannas when were buried and decomposed at 0.84 Tg C per year. The estimate of carbon balance here by inventories and changes in land-use approach indicates that the Orinoco llanos is a sink of −17.53 Tg C per year. The carbon turnover time in the Orinoco system is 68 years, which provides a limited route for carbon sequestration. The calculated potential of the Orinoco llanos for storing carbon is 8300 Tg C. Ecological options to achieve this potential value are addressed. However, nutrient deficiency and seasonal water supply are serious drawbacks to take into account for increasing carbon accretion. These results are particular for the Orinoco llanos, even though described processes could be similar to world-wide savannas, where a gradient of carbon heterogeneity exists.     

Habitat selection of Guizhou golden monkey （Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi）in Fanjing Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China

Guizhou golden monkey (Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi) is a peculiar, rare and endangered species. It is distributed most narrowly and requires a rigorous habitat. In this study the habitats of Guizhou Golden Monkey were divided into three habitats: most suitable habitats, suitable habitats and marginally suitable habitats. The characteristics of the vegetation community, environmental factors and extreme environmental factors in the three habitats were systematically analyzed. The seasonal activity rule, activity area and the food characteristic of Guizhou golden monkey were also study at the same time. The results indicate that the evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forest is the optimal living vegetation community for Guizhoug olden Monkey, and the suitable annual temperature is 8-15℃, the extremely lowest temperature is -2.5℃, the extremely highest temperature is 25℃, and the optimal living altitude is 1500-1700 m. In the same area, the higher the vegetation diversitythe more suitable it is for the life of Guizhou golden monkey. Temperature and food are the main habitat factors in determining the activity scope of the guizhou golden monkey community. The Altitude, temperature and the characteristics of the vegetation community are the main limitina factors for habitat selection.     

甘肃竹林资源的历史变迁与发展建议

根据历史文献和实地考察资料，论述了甘肃省竹林资源的历史分布变迁和特点以及现在竹资源现状，对今后甘肃省的竹林发展提出了一些建设性建议。     

福建省森林生态环境保护与发展对策

分析了福建省森林生态环境建设现状、问题 ,提出福建省森林生态环境保护与发展的指导思想、遵循原则、总体布局以及保障措施 ,供有关部门决策参考。     

香椿组织培养与快速繁殖的研究

香椿试管苗在不同培养条件下增殖速度明显不同.太行山香椿试管苗的最佳增殖条件为改良MS十SBA1.0十GA_32.0+IAA0.0;燕山香椿试管苗则为WPM+6BA1.0+GA_32.0+IAA0.0。试管苗的生根能力在IBA0.2～1.0的范围内逐渐提高.增殖倍数不同试管苗其K的摄入量、碳水化合物含量以及POD和EST同工酶图谱亦有明显差别。     

樊净山自然保护区黔金丝猴生境选择的研究

适宜的生境是珍稀濒危生物生存的决定性条件,对珍稀濒危生物生境的系统研究是生物多样性保护的前提。金丝猴是中国特有并且珍稀的濒危物种,黔金丝猴又是三种金丝猴中分布最为狭窄、对生境要求最为苛刻的一种。本文从黔金丝猴的最佳适宜生境、适宜生境和较适宜生境三个生境选择方面对生境内植物群落特征、环境因子、极端环境因子等进行了系统分析,对黔金丝猴的季节活动规律、活动区域和食物特点进行了系统的研究。结果表明常绿针阔混交林是黔金丝猴的最佳生存的植被群落,其最适宜的年均温度为8～15C,极端最低温度为-2.5C,极端最高温度为25C,最适宜生存的海拔高度为1500～1700m。在同一区域,植物多样性越多,越适宜黔金丝猴的生存。温度和食物是决定黔金丝猴种群活动范围大小的主要生境因子,海拔高度、植被群落特征、温度是黔金丝猴对生境选择的主要限制因子。图3表3参16。     

一种确定林业发展项目的有效工具(英文)

在云南省绿春县的有些村庄,由砍柴造成的森林破坏是造成环境退化的主要原因。在黑河流域的上游,不断加剧的水土流失和河床抬升对下游上百万的人们构成威胁。尽管人们对森林破坏和土地的可持续利用、社区可持续发展之间的关系不是不了解,但当生存压力存在的时候就会忽略由此造成的对未来的影响。对于村民来说,他们已经意识到了他们的生存状况,并讨论解决的有效途径,而不是单纯等待外界的援助和干预。问题的关键是如何将这些变化和影响以一种直观和形象的方式向村民解释,并且让包括文盲在内的所有人都能理解。从这方面考虑,图形的东西比文字和数字分析更有优势。本文采用MIGIS(移动交互式地理信息系统的英文缩写,它包括两部分的内容,即PLA-参与式学习和行动和GIS-地理信息系统)在云南省绿春县哈尼族村寨来协助进行村民自发的造林规划。图6表1参16。     

竹业在社会主义新农村建设中的作用及应注意的问题——以龙游县为例

以龙游县为例,分析了竹业富民、生态环境保护、乡村绿化和景观改善、农村剩余劳动力就地安置、农民素质提高等竹业在社会主义新农村建设中的作用,提出了竹林立地生产力衰退、竹产业链环节的利益分配、竹业生产中的环境恶化等方面的现实问题及解决这些问题的建议。